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The Scottish scholar James McCosh (1811 94) was a champion of the
Free church, a successful and much-published philosophy professor
at Belfast for 16 years, and an energetic and innovative President
of Princeton University from 1868 to 1888. The Religious Aspect of
Evolution was published in 1888, and this second edition from 1890
took account of A. R. Wallace's latest work, Darwinism (1889, also
reissued in this series). McCosh, who already in Ireland had
developed a 'theory of the universe conditioned by Christian
revelation' was one of very few clergymen in America who defended
evolutionary theory. He impressed upon his students that while
there seemed to be great truth in Darwin's theory, the work of the
coming age must be to separate that truth from the error springing
up around it. This would enable scholars to follow and even embrace
science while also retaining their faith in the Bible.
This 1850 edition of The Method of The Divine Government is the
Scottish philosopher and clergyman James McCosh's influential
account of how God's providence, which in his opinion is an
unquestionable fact, governs the world in both a physical
(external) and in a moral (internal) sense. The latter is
particularly connected to the many layers that make up man's
conscience. This second edition, which consists of four parts
('books') and an appendix, differs from the original version as
McCosh pays far more attention to first principles than to
fundamental ones. He seeks to pinpoint God's character and probes
the depths of man's conscience (First Book) and in the following he
delves into the physical aspects of God's government, paying
particular attention to Comte's Positivism. McCosh devotes part
three to a detailed analysis of the human mind and moral nature and
finally in the fourth part he reconciles God and man.
The supernatural was an intellectual preoccupation for Scottish
philosopher, theologian and later President of Princeton University
James McCosh (1811 94), who attacked John Stuart Mill's 1843 System
of Logic (also reissued in this series) for not addressing the
issue of the supernatural. In this work, published in 1862, McCosh
gives his full attention to the question, saying his aim was to
'disentangle the confusion' about the relationship between the
natural and supernatural. He defines the supernatural as anything
acting outside the sphere of nature. The first part of the book
examines the natural world's relationship to the supernatural
through a discussion of the laws and principles that are thought to
govern nature. The second part takes the opposite approach,
considering the relationship of the supernatural to the natural by
examining instances within Christian literature, such as prophecy
and miracles, which are difficult to explain.
James McCosh (1811-94), the Scottish philosopher, graduated from
the University of Glasgow, spent some time as a minister in the
Church of Scotland but then returned to philosophy and spent most
of his career at Princeton University. The eighteenth-century
Scottish Enlightenment had many influential philosophers at its
core. In this book, first published in 1875, McCosh outlines the
theories of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century philosophers and
identifies Scottish philosophy as a distinct school of thought. He
summarises both the merits and the possible criticisms of each
philosopher's work and also gives detailed biographical
information. Among the philosophers discussed are the influential
David Hume, Thomas Reid and Adam Smith. The final chapter focuses
on Sir William Hamilton, a philosopher who greatly influenced
McCosh (whose other works, The Religious Aspect of Evolution and
The Method of the Divine Government are also reissued in this
series).
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